Training is a relatively new practice in which tree growth is directed into a desired shape and form. To be most productive, fruit plants must be trained to a definite system. There are several training systems. Some fruit trees are trained on single trunk, while some others on Kniffin, vertical trellis, overhead arbour, central-leader or an open centre, etc. Improperly trained fruit trees generally have very upright branch angles, which result in serious limb breakage under a heavy fruit load. This significantly reduces the productivity of the tree and may greatly reduce tree life. Proper tree training also opens up the tree canopy to maximize light penetration. For most deciduous tree fruit, flower buds for the current season’s crop are formed the previous summer. Light penetration is essential for flower bud development and optimal fruit set, flavour, and quality. Although a mature tree may be growing in full sun, a very dense canopy may not allow enough light to reach 12 to 18 inches inside the canopy. Opening the tree canopy also permits adequate air movement through the tree, which promotes rapid drying to minimize disease infection and allows thorough pesticide penetration.
How training is done in orange cultivation?
