Farm equipments

Gear box, ground wheels, handle, cutter bar assembly, star wheels, and gathering header assembly make up the machine. The crop should be manually harvested for a width of 0.5m along the four edges of the field and cleared from the field to make room for the machine. To deploy the machine in the field, a 2 x 1.5m area needs be manually harvested in one corner. Because the harvested crop is released on the right side of the reaper, it should always be turned to the left.

Catamaran is the most basic type of fishing craft made up of a few curved pieces of wood put together to make a floating raft, such as those found along India’s east coast. The Orissa type, Andhra type, Coromandal type, and Kanyakumari type of catamarans are all common in Indian waters.

Because fields are based on location, GIS software becomes a very important tool for precision farming. Farmers can use GIS software to map current and prospective changes in precipitation, temperature, crop yields, plant health, and other variables. It also allows farmers to use GPS-based treatments in conjunction with smart machinery to optimise fertiliser and pesticide application; because they don’t have to treat the entire field but simply treat certain regions, they can save money, effort, and time.

Hydrogel agricultural technology helps in improving soil quality, preserves water, resists drought , stress, and increases seed sprouting and seedling development leading to better farm success. It is non-polluting and biodegradable, reduces irrigation frequency and water consumption, and offers a simple cyclic mechanism to feed water directly to roots and prevent soil compaction from an environmental standpoint. SAPs serve as micro water reservoirs at plant roots in agriculture and agroforestry. They absorb 400-500 times their own weight in natural and supplied water and gently release it through the root capillary suction mechanism, minimising water loss in the soil through leaching and evaporation. SAPs establish a cyclic process of water absorption and release; the water released can offer optimal moisture for rapid seedling germination and maturity.

Super absorbent polymers or hydrogel are used in agriculture due to t’s properties such as high absorption capacity in saline and hard water conditions, lowest soluble content and residual monomer, high durability and stability in the swelling environment and during storage, low price , pH‐neutrality after swelling in water, gradual biodegradability without formation of toxic species and re‐wetting capability.

Paddy weeder does the weeding operation when the seedlings are transplanted in rows. The implement has an inclined long handle. At the fool of it two conical cylinders with serrated lugs on its periphery are fixed. These two conical serrated cylinders can rotate freely about it axis and placed in opposite sides. A steel plate has been into the loose soil and assists in easy operations. In operation, the see rated lugs cut and burry the weeds and some of the weeds are wound on the surface of the cylinders, which can be removed manually.

Harrowing is a shallow-depth secondary tillage activity for smoothing and pulverising the soil, as well as cutting weeds and mixing materials with the soil. Soil of the seedbeds are pulverized by harrowing. Harrowing is done to destroy grasses and seeds in the field , to  cut crop residues and mix them with top soil of the field, and to break the big clods and to make the field surface uniform and levelled. Harrowing is carried out when the moisture content of the clods are reduced.

Laser land levelling involves utilising a directed laser beam to level the field within a specified degree of desired slope. The germination, stand, and yield of crops are all affected by the unevenness of the soil surface. Farmers are aware of this and dedicate significant effort and energy to properly levelling their fields. Traditional land levelling procedures, on the other hand, are inconvenient, time-consuming, and costly. Laser land levelling helps to increase the efficiency of nutrient utilisation and helps in better water distribution and conservation.

These are hydraulic energy sprayers. They utilize PTO power of the tractor to operate the pump of the sprayer. Basically the spray boom can be arranged in two ways; ground spray boom and overhead spray boom. The overhead spray boom is designed for tall field crops and the planting is done in such a way that it leaves an unplanted strip of about 2.5 m width for operation of the tractor. Therefore a planted strip may be 18-20 m wide and after every planted strip fallow strip has to be left for tractor operation. For ground spray boom the planting has to be done in rows keeping in view track width of the tractor. It is suitable for use when the crop is small.

Castor sheller is used for shelling and cleaning castor pods. Traditionally , castor is shelled manually after drying under sunlight or by beating . It consists of feeding hopper, rubber coated disc type shelling unit and a blower. Castor is fed to the shelling unit through feed hopper. It is suitable for shelling and winnowing of dried castor pods. The unit can be either operated manually or with a 0.5 hp electric motor. It saves 88 per cent labour and operating time and 69 per cent on cost of operation compared to conventional method of manually beating or rubbing with wooden plank.