By providing useful data on soil moisture, irrigation effectiveness, water stress, and water availability, remote sensing plays a critical role in monitoring water resources in agriculture. Here are some examples of how remote sensing is applied to monitoring agricultural water resources:
Soil Moisture Monitoring: To determine the amount of soil moisture in agricultural fields, remote sensing techniques including passive and active microwave sensing are used. Spatial and temporal data on soil moisture levels by measuring the electromagnetic signals that are reflected or emitted by the soil. By using this knowledge, farmers can plan their irrigation systems and use water more efficiently by knowing when and how much water to apply.
Assessment of Irrigation Efficiency: By measuring crop water use and water stress, remote sensing enables the evaluation of irrigation efficiency. Calculating crop evapotranspiration (ET) rates involves examining the thermal characteristics of plants to determine water usage. Changes in irrigation timing or methods may be necessary if deviations from the norm in ET rates are a sign of water stress or ineffective irrigation tactics.
Water Availability Mapping: By keeping an eye on bodies of surface water, such as lakes, reservoirs, and rivers, remote sensing may gather data on water availability. Water extent, water levels, and changes in water bodies over time can all be measured by satellite-based sensors. This information aids in determining the amount of water available for irrigation needs and efficient use of water resources.
