farming practices

Earthing up should be done to maintain proper aeration, proper soil temperature and moisture in soil for good growth of crop and proper development of tubers. After that provide 12:61:00 @ 3 kg per acre through drip. One of the most important aspects of cultivating potatoes is to avoid exposing their tubers (i.e., the potato crop) to too much sunlight. Exposed tubers turn green and release solanine, a poisonous chemical that renders them bitter, inedible, and possibly nausea-inducing.

Plant marigold flowers every ten rows in cotton and tomato fields; the bollworm/fruit borer prefers to lay eggs on marigold flowers over primary crops. To reduce the infestation of leaf-eating caterpillars in cotton, groundnut, and tobacco-like crops, plant castor as a trap crop in and around the field. In and around the tomato field, grow marigold as a leaf miner trap crop. Grow tomato plants as a citrus leaf miner trap crop to control the insect. Napier grass is thought to be a fall armyworm trap crop, which is damaging to maize harvests.

Storing cotton bolls encourages the growth of pink bollworm. Pink bollworm larvae will be found in newly harvested cotton, and developing moths will most likely return to the cotton field. As a result, if there is a decent price, it is smart to sell straight in the market. If a quick sale isn’t possible, keep the cotton in the house and close the doors and windows. Set up a single pheromone trap in the storeroom to catch any developing moths.

When vine of the cucurbit family vegetable is supported, it grows well. The vines remain good from 6 to 7 months. If on the ground, they remain good only for 3 months. Leaves and fruits do not come into contact with the soil. Because there is adequate ventilation, the risk of rot, pests, and infections is reduced. Proper spraying can be done. The cucurbit family of vegetable crops grow well, and the colour and quality of the fruits are preserved; picking and hand weeding of the crop is also simple.

Raised beds provide a number of advantages. It helps in extending the planting season , eliminating weeds if properly planned and planted, and helps in avoiding the use of poor native soil. The soil is not compacted and the roots have an easier time growing because the farmer does not walk on the raised beds.

Pruning is the deliberate removal of branches, twigs, limbs, shoots, or roots. The main principle of pruning is to reduce the apical dominant & encourage the lateral branches to grow. Pruning gives a definite direction and shape to the plant along with a strong framework. Pruning also influences productiveness and improves the quality of the product.

This could be a viable alternative to root pruning. Root pruning may not be necessary in the hotter portions of India. Ornamental plants are “wintered” in such situations. In northern and eastern India, flowering bushes like rose and jasmine can be wintered. The water supply to the plant to be wintered is turned off for a few days during the resting period, and the roots are exposed to the sun by removing the surface soil surrounding the trunk. Depending on the age, type, and hardiness of the plant, exposure can last anywhere from three to fifteen days. The roots are then covered with the same soil, which has been treated with farm yard manure, and thoroughly watered.

The process of removal of foliage is known as defoliation. This is done mainly with a view to inducing flowering in certain plant. This can also be done to reduce transpiration loss during periods of stress and strain and also during transportation of certain plants such as roses. Defoliation can be achieved by the removal of leaves by hand or by the use chemical and withholding water. 

Deshooting is the process of removing unwanted shoots. If all of the side shoots on some flowering annuals and herbaceous perennials are allowed to droop, the size and quality of the blooms will be substantially decreased. Only a few side shoots are permitted to flower, while the rest are destroyed before they flower.

The procedure of pinching or stopping includes the removal of a shoot’s growth tip as well as a few leaves. The primary goals of pinching includes enhancing production of flower buds on the pinched branch and encouraging branching to promote bushy growth. Pinching is done at a stage when the plants are young and between 7 and 15 cm in height, depending on their habits of growth. The plants which need pinching include dahlia, chrysanthemum, marigold, carnation, rose.