Drought tolerance: Some biofertilizers, such as mycorrhizal fungi and specific bacteria that promote plant development, can improve a plant’s resistance to drought conditions. Mycorrhizal fungi increase root length and water intake, whilst certain bacteria generate substances that help plants retain water. These procedures assist plants in surviving times of water constraint.
Salinity tolerance: Some biofertilizers can increase a plant’s ability to withstand salinity in the soil. For instance, some mycorrhizal fungi and bacteria that support plant growth assist in controlling the ion balance in plant cells, minimizing the damaging consequences of too much salt. In saline environments, this can enhance the health and growth of plants.
Temperature tolerance: Biofertilizers can help increase a plant’s tolerance for high and low temperatures. By promoting root growth, food uptake, and the generation of stress-related hormones, they can help plants resist temperature stress.
Heavy metal tolerance: Some biofertilizers, such as specific bacteria that promote plant development, can help with the soil’s detoxification of heavy metals. These microorganisms could create substances that bind to heavy metals and lessen their toxicity to plants.
Tolerance to osmotic stress: Biofertilizers may encourage the buildup of osmolytes (osmoprotectants) in plant cells. Osmolytes are organic substances that support cellular turgor maintenance and shield cellular components from osmotic stress.
