The spacing of 25 to 30 cm should be kept between rows. Spring planted oats do not produce many tillers. Consequently, a higher seeding rate and slightly shallow planting depth result in faster establishment and increased growth. Growth is improved when the seed is drill planted at a seeding rate of 80 to 100 pounds of seed per acre. Seeding depth can be as deep as about 1 ½ inches, but planting at only ½ to ¾ inches deep will increase the rate of emergence, establishment and forage production potential.
ScientificFarmingWeb
What is the soil temperature required for Oats seed germination?
Oat’s seed will germinate at 5°C. Though, like most plants, oats will germinate faster as soil temperature increase; the goal is to balance an early planting date with biological limitations and the potential for seed predation or pathogen issues. While early planting dates means higher yield and test weight potential, this spring has pushed the limit on what early planting can mean with some farmers planting in early to mid-march.
How to sow castor seeds?
Castor is mainly propagated through seeds. The selected seeds for planting must be healthy and come from prolific mother plants. In mechanized countries, seed are planted about 4 to 7.5 cm deep in rows 1 meter apart; And about 50 cm apart within rows. In un mechanized countries, seeds are planted about 60 by 90 cm apart that prefer larger varieties. About 10-12 kg of seeds is required per hectare. Seeds are treated with Carbendazim at 2 gm/kg of seed for preventing some seed borne diseases. Then, soak the seeds in water for about 20 hours.
Which soil is best suitable for growing Castor?
Castor crop can be grown on a wide range of soils, provided they are fairly deep and well drained. Heavy clays with poor drainage and marshy soils are not suitable for castor crop. The suitable soils for castor are deep, moderately fertile, with slightly acidic conditions pH level of 5.0 to 6.5. Though, excessively fertile soils are not desirable, as they favor excessive vegetative growth at the expense of seed yield. Castor crop does well in the soil which is not for valuable commercial crops.
What are the climatic conditions required for Castor?
Castor is C3 pathway plant that grows optimally at constantly high temperature levels of 20-26°C but can tolerate temperature levels between 0 to 40°C. In colder areas, it grows well if the summers are sufficiently warm. It is a pioneer plant that is growing in flood zones, abandoned farmland and along roads. About 500 mm of rain is required between planting and harvesting castor but it can grow in areas with lower as well as much higher rainfall. Depending on the variety it requires a 140 to 180 day growing season. Under severe water stress, no seeds are set and too high air humidity increases pest and mould problem. About 30 to 60% humidity is considered ideal.
What are the different varieties of Castor?
The varieties of castor change depend on the branching habits of the plant, stem colour, the nature of capsules like smooth or shiny and size of the seed.
High yielding castor varieties are NPH-1 (Aruna), GAUCH-4 and TMVCH.
Newly released Castor hybrid varieties are cultivation in Tamil Nadu is TMVCH by Oilseeds Research Station of the Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU) Tindivanam. This hybrid matures in 160 to 170 days. Its seeds have 51.7% oil. It is susceptible to semi looper pest and resistant to wilt and grey mold.
Which soil is best suitable for growing custard apple?
Before planting custard apples, it is important to understand the and climate attributed they need to flourish. Custard apples grow best in sandy loam soils, but well-structured clay loams are also suitable. Although trees main feeder roots are relatively shallow, at least 1 m of well-drained soil without heavy clay or rock is needed to avoid root rot and ensure good tree performance. Plant the trees on mounds. If possible, avoid soils that have previously grown these crops: tomato, potato, egg plant, capsicum and ginger.
What are the climatic conditions required for Custard apple?
Custard apple flourishes best on the dry and hot climate. It requires light soil and is generally grown on the slope of hills. The plants are raised from seeds and bear fruit in about 3 to 4 years. The plant flowers from April to may and bears fruit between August and November. The major climatic factors limiting the commercial production of custard apple are temperature and humidity. Warm, well protected and frost-free sites receiving a summer rainfall are most suitable.
Which soil is suitable for ridge gourd cultivation?
Ridge gourd can be grown in a wide variety of soils. But it grows best in sandy loam soils. The soil or main field should be prepared thoroughly by 4 to 5 ploughings and soil pH range from 6.5 to 7.5 is ideal for ridge gourd cultivation. This vegetable crop requires good drainage. Better yield and quality of vegetable can be expected by applying organic matter or farm yard manure.
How temperature plays a significant role in the development of sea weed?
Higher water temperature tends to slow the development of sea weeds. Most sea weed species produce the fastest from January to May and are at their most productive during the spring. Their development rate slows down as the water temperatures rise from June to September, the slowest growth rate brings in August. Once the sea temperature starts to cool in the autumn, the growth rate starts to pick up again, mainly after November.